You can negate and make sufficient either idea in the sentence, and make the other you don't choose necessary. The idea following unless can be negated and sufficient but is not required to be. Hope this helps!

I don't think either classify as being a subset or superset in their relationship; instead maybe the are circles next to teach other but not touching, rather than within each other or overlapping. Say the member is "Tuesday" (what condition happened that day). If the dot representing Tuesday is inside the BO circle, it can't also be inside HWA circle and vice versa. I could be wrong but hopefully this helps.

Is it fine to just memorize the condition indicators and translate english to lawgic based on that? because that's what I am doing and it seems to be working but I don't know if I am then oversimplifying it and not actually absorbing the argument. But i think that further translating the lawgic into the contrapositive form forces me to absorb the argument? I don't know, I just don't want to take the easy way and then not get what I need to out of the skill.

example...?

"if I leave for work after 8, I will be late.

I will not be late if I leave for work at or before 8."

hey! i think it is like: being a cat is sufficient for being a mammal; being a mammal is necessary for being a cat.

If you are 17 years or older, you can go to a rated R movie alone. Adrian went to see Sinners alone, so Adrian is 17 years or older.

Being a soccer player is sufficient for being an athlete. Being an athlete is necessary but not sufficient for being a soccer player.

1. maintained indoor temperature of households versus indoor temperature these households had been accustomed to maintain on very cold days

2. lower indoor temperature

3. maintained indoor temperature of households

Since I did not make the assumption that we are comparing to glacial periods, I instead compared it to non-interglacial periods, as I felt that that allowed my answer to be more broad and safer based on my limited knowledge and context.

Because "the puzzling" is not happening to "the existence", I believe this is a predicate where a verb but not an object is included.

The Disney argument includes language such as must and never, making the premises supporting and conclusion drawn most definitive, strengthening the argument as a whole. Additionally, the premises uses "for this to happen, if not A, then B must happen", allowing the reader to be certain in the validity of the argument's conclusion.

Assuming it is true, the premise of the Tiger argument supports the conclusion, however if we are not to assume it is true, then it the premise is subjective, weakening the conclusion of the argument.

For the trash bin argument, we do not know what time of day it is--for all we know Cat's behavior is actually caused by his having just eaten a canned cat food dinner, and only correlated to the toppled bin situation presented to us. There is not enough restricting evidence provided that limits the possibilities to the one conclusion drawn in this argument. Self-satisfied also is not directly tied to his having eaten or to achieving his "intentions". The evidence given as the premises is not limited to prove only the conclusion drawn, weakening the argument.

Tiger: You can not assume that everyone you meet in New York votes blue. After all, when driving on Long Island you will view many Trump-Vance signs in homeowners’ front yards.

Disney: Danielle was made captain of the JV soccer team. In order to be considered for the captain position, players must attend the booster camp to build rapport with coaching staff, or they must stand out as a leader at tryouts the following week. Danielle missed the booster camp because she was at cousin’s wedding in Aruba. Therefore, Danielle’s leadership characteristics must have shined at tryouts once she returned from her trip.

Trash bin: Cabin 9 counselor: Annie from cabin 9 is crying because her popular soccer ball jibbitz is missing from her croc after running around outside all afternoon. Ellie from cabin 4 is in a very good mood at dinner while wearing her bright pink crocs with a soccer ball jibbbitz inserted, sporting the look of someone who just got unexpectedly lucky. I predict that Ellie is guilty of finding and taking the jibbitz, knowingly neglecting to return it to the lost and found, as the camp code of conduct advises when personal items are concerned.