Scientists generally believe that no deep-sea creature can detect red light, but they need to reassess that view. Researchers recently discovered a foot-long deep-sea creature of the genus Erenna with bioluminescent red lights on some of its tentacles. These red lights, which are shaped like a common food source for small, deep-sea fish, probably function as lures to attract prey.
Summarize Argument: Counter-Position
Scientists must reconsider the belief that no deep-sea creatures can detect red light since researchers recently found a deep-sea creature that uses glowing red lights to catch small fish. This large creature has glowing red lights on its tentacles, which resemble a common food source for small deep-sea fish and likely serve as bait to attract them as prey.
Identify Conclusion
Scientists must reassess the view that no deep-sea creature can detect red light.
A
Red lights on the tentacles of a newly discovered deep-sea creature probably function as lures.
This is a premise. The stimulus uses the claim that the red lights act as lures to support the conclusion that some deep-sea creatures can see red light. The fact that small deep-sea fish are attracted to the red lights on the creature's tentacles suggests they can see red light.
B
Red lights on the tentacles of a newly discovered deep-sea creature are shaped like a common food source for small, deep-sea fish.
This is a premise. The passage explains that the red lights are shaped like a common food source for small deep-sea fish, which is why they may attract the fish. If the lights resemble the fish's usual red food, the fish are likely responding to that resemblance and can see red.
C
A foot-long deep-sea creature of the genus Erenna has been discovered recently.
This is a premise. The passage notes this discovery to support its claim that some deep-sea creatures can see red light. This newly discovered deep-sea creature uses red light to hunt deep-sea prey, which supports the conclusion because its prey seems to react to the red light.
D
Scientists generally believe that deep-sea creatures cannot detect red light.
This is context and provides background information. The passage explains what most scientists believe to help us understand the author’s view, which disagrees with them. While scientists think no deep-sea creatures can see red light, the author argues that at least some can.
E
Scientists need to reconsider the belief that deep-sea creatures cannot detect red light.
This accurately captures the argument’s main conclusion. The author argues that scientists need to "reassess" or "reconsider" their belief that no deep-sea creature can see red light. The author thinks this belief is wrong since a creature uses red light to attract deep-sea prey.
For house painting, acrylic paints are an excellent choice. They provide everything that a good paint should provide: smooth and even coverage, quick drying time, durability, and easy cleanup. Even acrylics, however, cannot correct such surface defects as badly cracked paint. Such conditions indicate some underlying problem, such as water damage, that needs repair.
Summary
Acrylic paints are an excellent choice for house painting. This is because they provide smooth coverage, they dry quickly, they’re durable, and they’re easy to clean up. However, acrylic paint can’t fix surface defects such as cracked paint. These defects indicate an underlying problem like water damage that needs to be repaired.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Because acrylic paints are excellent house paints even though they cannot fix surface defects, house paints do not need to be able to fix surface defects.
Not all excellent paints can fix surface defects such as badly cracked paint.
A
Badly cracked paint is not a result of harsh weather conditions.
Unsupported. The stimulus only says that badly cracked paint could be the result of water damage. Otherwise, we do not know what does and does not cause badly cracked paint.
B
Acrylics are the only paints that provide everything that most homeowners need from a paint.
Unsupported. “Acrylic paints are an excellent choice for house painting” and “they provide everything that a good paint should provide,” but this does not mean that they provide everything that a homeowner needs or that they are the only good paint.
C
Acrylics should not be used to paint over other types of house paint.
Unsupported. Acrylic paints are not able to fix surface defects like badly cracked paint, but this is not enough information to say that they shouldn’t ever be used for painting over other kinds of house paint.
D
It is not a requirement of house paints that they correct surface defects such as badly cracked paint.
Strongly supported. Acrylic paint is an excellent choice for house paint even though it cannot correct surface defects such as badly cracked paint. Thus it is not a requirement of house paints that they correct such defects.
E
Acrylic paints come in as wide a range of colors as do any other paints.
Unsupported. We are given no information about the available colors of acrylic paints or any other kinds of paints.