Similar example: I live in the USA. Therefore, If I have the right to freedom of speech then I can say whatever I want. The missing link is between living in the USA and having the right to freedom of speech. Facts: USA. Conclusion: Freedom of Speech -> Say whatever I want. We can rewrite this using the "kick it up" method by saying: I live in the USA. I have the right to freedom of speech. Therefore, I can say whatever I want. Facts: USA and Freedom of Speech. Conclusion: I can say whatever I want. The assumption in my original example necessary for the conclusion is that living in the USA means I have the right to freedom of speech. These Types of questions will show up on the LSAT that ask something like: "Which of the following must be assumed in order to justify the conclusion?"
These should be labelled as optional because, to me, they were very unclear and added so much noise when doing the practice problems from before. Totally mind-boggled.
I got so caught up on the idea of who is considered a "resident." IE: Is everyone who lives in NYC technically considered to be a NYC Resident? Most locales require 6 months+ of continues presence to be considered a legal "resident." If peter has lived in the building for 3 months with his poodle, is he a "resident" yet? I guess we can ignore that, but if I were given this question on the test, I'd be wondering if the change of language from "NYC Resident" to "Peter lives there" is a valid reason for me to say that he does not yet have the inalienable right yet.
I would completely understand the premie and the logic (and the Lawgic) still potentially get this question wrong if there was an option to state that it's unknown whether he has the inalienable right (since we aren't given the rules for who is considered to be a "resident").
Basically we're looking for a statement that will bridge the premises to the conclusion. Looking at the example given, the premises seems completely disjointed from the conclusion. This missing rule question is basically asking how can we make these premises make sense in the argument. So by making the disjointed premises into sufficient conditions for the conclusion, we are making a bridge to connect these statements together in order to make the argument more valid.
Adding the missing rule into the argument makes it more valid. Here's what I think it would look like after adding it:
If a person lives in NYC in a building with more than ten units, and that person has kept an animal openly and notoriously for three months or more, then that person has an inalienable right to keep that animal as a pet. Percy lives with his poodle in a New York City residential buildings with more than ten units. Therefore, if Percy has openly and notoriously kept his poodle for three months or more, then his landlord cannot force him to get rid of it.
Sorry, but this is a poorly designed lesson. It REALLY needs to be made clear that we are to forget the previous lesson. Otherwise, I am left with the assumption that the two are related.
For this example, does the missing rule have to be: NYC and B10+ and OpNo and 3+Ms → R or could it be just one or a few of the facts such as: NYC and B10+ → R, because this can also trigger the conclusion?
#help I am struggling to understand the Kick it up to the conditional conclusion rule. So, if someone could check my summary and let me know if I am misunderstanding something that would be great!
To summarize, you are reading a statement that is invalid because the premises are not premises they are just facts. Further the "missing rule" here are actual premises. The goal here is to find what would be the appropriate premises to have to ensure a valid argument and that the premises support the conclusion.
I didn't understand it much when I first learned it and felt discouraged, but it becomes much more intuitive when you have been practicing for a while. Kicking up to the domain and into the premise set is INCREDIBLY important for the future, so keep this in your back pocket even if it feels confusing right now. It gets better!
I don't understand the point of this lesson. Why use the same example as the previous page if it's not supposed to be related? It seems like it only does so to make this strategy seem useful, because without inferring the rule from the other page to be true here, we would have no reason to assume those requirements to be the rule in this example.
I had to watch this video twice and read through the replies to properly understand the Kick Up Conditional Conclusion. Will there be more places to practice this technique?
When he says "missing rule," does he mean one of the answers will relay the missing rule? Ex: "Which of the following can be assumed based on the stimulus?" ..We are mapping it the other way to get the answer?
I'm going to try to paraphrase this to make sure I am tracking this concept:
You take the premises from the conditional conclusion and move them up to the earlier group of sufficient conditions (other premises). This technique helps isolate a conclusion to be an unconditional statement, thus making it easier to identify the missing rule that would make the argument valid.
Can someone explain to me why this argument is invalid and what is the rule that is apparently missing?
"Percy lives with his poodle in a New York City residential building with more than ten units. Therefore, if Percy has openly and notoriously kept his poodle for three months or more, then his landlord cannot force him to get rid of it."
From what I understood the rules to be in the previous lesson, if someone who lives in NYC in a residential building with + 10 units has "openly and notoriously" kept the pet for 3+ months (which is exactly what this statement is saying), then that person cannot be forced to get rid of it.
PS. Also, how hard was it for whoever wrote this lesson to explain (in English) what the missing rule was?
"..... From that perspective, the two arguments are identical. In either instance, we are to suppose the truth of the same set of facts. It's just that in the original, that supposition happens in the sufficient condition of the conclusion whereas in the transformed, that supposition happens in the premises."
What exactly is the supposition in the second / transformed argument? My understanding is that, pNYC and pB10+ are stated premises. Can someone clarify this?
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78 comments
I like this technique but I think in the end, it will end up confusing me more than helping me lol
Is this relevant for questions like: The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that...? Or is that not what this technique is for?
Similar example: I live in the USA. Therefore, If I have the right to freedom of speech then I can say whatever I want. The missing link is between living in the USA and having the right to freedom of speech. Facts: USA. Conclusion: Freedom of Speech -> Say whatever I want. We can rewrite this using the "kick it up" method by saying: I live in the USA. I have the right to freedom of speech. Therefore, I can say whatever I want. Facts: USA and Freedom of Speech. Conclusion: I can say whatever I want. The assumption in my original example necessary for the conclusion is that living in the USA means I have the right to freedom of speech. These Types of questions will show up on the LSAT that ask something like: "Which of the following must be assumed in order to justify the conclusion?"
These should be labelled as optional because, to me, they were very unclear and added so much noise when doing the practice problems from before. Totally mind-boggled.
So this is helpful for identifying the principle sort of questions, right?
what the helly?
I got so caught up on the idea of who is considered a "resident." IE: Is everyone who lives in NYC technically considered to be a NYC Resident? Most locales require 6 months+ of continues presence to be considered a legal "resident." If peter has lived in the building for 3 months with his poodle, is he a "resident" yet? I guess we can ignore that, but if I were given this question on the test, I'd be wondering if the change of language from "NYC Resident" to "Peter lives there" is a valid reason for me to say that he does not yet have the inalienable right yet.
I would completely understand the premie and the logic (and the Lawgic) still potentially get this question wrong if there was an option to state that it's unknown whether he has the inalienable right (since we aren't given the rules for who is considered to be a "resident").
I've never seen a question ask for a missing rule, have you?
I wish there was a practice question after this, so we know an example of a question to use this technique for. #feedback
Basically we're looking for a statement that will bridge the premises to the conclusion. Looking at the example given, the premises seems completely disjointed from the conclusion. This missing rule question is basically asking how can we make these premises make sense in the argument. So by making the disjointed premises into sufficient conditions for the conclusion, we are making a bridge to connect these statements together in order to make the argument more valid.
Adding the missing rule into the argument makes it more valid. Here's what I think it would look like after adding it:
If a person lives in NYC in a building with more than ten units, and that person has kept an animal openly and notoriously for three months or more, then that person has an inalienable right to keep that animal as a pet. Percy lives with his poodle in a New York City residential buildings with more than ten units. Therefore, if Percy has openly and notoriously kept his poodle for three months or more, then his landlord cannot force him to get rid of it.
Is this correct?
Sorry, but this is a poorly designed lesson. It REALLY needs to be made clear that we are to forget the previous lesson. Otherwise, I am left with the assumption that the two are related.
For this example, does the missing rule have to be: NYC and B10+ and OpNo and 3+Ms → R or could it be just one or a few of the facts such as: NYC and B10+ → R, because this can also trigger the conclusion?
#help I am struggling to understand the Kick it up to the conditional conclusion rule. So, if someone could check my summary and let me know if I am misunderstanding something that would be great!
To summarize, you are reading a statement that is invalid because the premises are not premises they are just facts. Further the "missing rule" here are actual premises. The goal here is to find what would be the appropriate premises to have to ensure a valid argument and that the premises support the conclusion.
I wish they would give us a practice question in these modules that would be on the test...
Would this be used to find an assumption in the argument as well?
I didn't understand it much when I first learned it and felt discouraged, but it becomes much more intuitive when you have been practicing for a while. Kicking up to the domain and into the premise set is INCREDIBLY important for the future, so keep this in your back pocket even if it feels confusing right now. It gets better!
i'm so confused :(
I don't understand the point of this lesson. Why use the same example as the previous page if it's not supposed to be related? It seems like it only does so to make this strategy seem useful, because without inferring the rule from the other page to be true here, we would have no reason to assume those requirements to be the rule in this example.
I had to watch this video twice and read through the replies to properly understand the Kick Up Conditional Conclusion. Will there be more places to practice this technique?
When he says "missing rule," does he mean one of the answers will relay the missing rule? Ex: "Which of the following can be assumed based on the stimulus?" ..We are mapping it the other way to get the answer?
#Help
My Mission with this Kick Up Rule is to make a conditional conclusion into a unconditional conclusion?
I'm going to try to paraphrase this to make sure I am tracking this concept:
You take the premises from the conditional conclusion and move them up to the earlier group of sufficient conditions (other premises). This technique helps isolate a conclusion to be an unconditional statement, thus making it easier to identify the missing rule that would make the argument valid.
......yay or nay?
Can someone explain to me why this argument is invalid and what is the rule that is apparently missing?
"Percy lives with his poodle in a New York City residential building with more than ten units. Therefore, if Percy has openly and notoriously kept his poodle for three months or more, then his landlord cannot force him to get rid of it."
From what I understood the rules to be in the previous lesson, if someone who lives in NYC in a residential building with + 10 units has "openly and notoriously" kept the pet for 3+ months (which is exactly what this statement is saying), then that person cannot be forced to get rid of it.
PS. Also, how hard was it for whoever wrote this lesson to explain (in English) what the missing rule was?
All that and I still have no idea what the missing rule was.
"..... From that perspective, the two arguments are identical. In either instance, we are to suppose the truth of the same set of facts. It's just that in the original, that supposition happens in the sufficient condition of the conclusion whereas in the transformed, that supposition happens in the premises."
What exactly is the supposition in the second / transformed argument? My understanding is that, pNYC and pB10+ are stated premises. Can someone clarify this?