I got it right the first time but during my BR I second guessed myself and choose a different answer. What could I do to be more confident on my answers?
I watched the video and asked chat gpt and it rephrased the question stem like this:
"Here’s a rule, and here’s someone being accused of violating it. Which answer shows that the rule really does apply in this situation?"
So we're just looking for a fact that confirms the key condition in the principle. E was right because it directly supports the idea that this was a deliberate attempt to mislead which activates the principle and justifies calling it misrepresentation.
I was able to narrow it down between A and E and chose E because of the rule being if a description is a deliberate attempt to mislead.... I chose E over A solely because he is literally attempting to mislead bidders by describing a vase as something else to increase the bidding/value.
I don't think A is a strong choice because it doesn't establish the fact that the misrepresentation was deliberate. Even if it's true that the vases from that time period would sell for much more, it doesn't mean that they meant to misrepresent it. The auction house could have honestly believed, in their opinion, that it was from that time. There's no way to know for sure based on A, but E gives us exactly the condition that triggers the conclusion.
From my understanding, it is not simply about being willfully ignorant, but the real relevant piece of information that E provides is that the description was intentional, "merely in order to increase its auction price". The fact we were missing to make sure the application made sense for this case was "if such a description was a deliberate attempt to mislead bidders". And you can reasonably assume that if the auction house made no effort to make sure their claim was correct, and still included in the description "merely in order to increase its auction price", it has indeed been a deliberate choice in order to mislead the bidders. I hope this makes sense :)
The reason I did not pick A was because it does not tell us why Healy misrepresented the information. Yeah the art work from that century would sell for more but is that the reason Healy did it? What if Healy actually thought it was from mid eighteen time? A doesn't tell us if Healy deliberated misrepresented the information or not and if we are not sure if it was deliberate then it does not justify the principle application.
(A) is leaning in the right direction for me and it was my original choice as I read through the choices, however it does not imply Healy had anything to do with it. That is nice to know that it is more expensive but it does not say any more than that. It is you who makes the assumption that Healy knew that, and that Healy intentionally listed it for more money. Answer E states those assumptions so they are no longer just in my head, it is actually on paper and a known fact. Answer E says that he intentionally listed it and did so to increase the price.
I crossed out E because I saw the first part "without consulting anyone with expertise in authenticating vases" as outside info that the rule is silent on since the rule doesn't say anything about that. I'm confused how to know when rules are silent on certain facts
From my understanding answer choice E helps us conclude the application because without E all we know is that Healy's labeled the vase is from the 18th century which Healy’s could have stated that because of an error by the art museum’s authenticator or some other reason. Answer choice E needed to specifically state that Healy misrepresented the vase in a deliberate attempt to mislead bidders. The part about "without consulting..." is not really the main takeaway from the answer. in comparison with the other answers E is the most accurate in explaining the "deliberately misleading bidders" which was what was missing in the application of the principle.
Not quite, in the application, we do not know if Healy's said that the vase was from the 18th century in order to deliberately mislead buyers, or if it was for some other reason. We need to find an answer choice that confirms that Healy's actually did misrepresent the vase to deliberately mislead buyers, and not just for some other reason, as the principle says one is guilty of misrepresentation if the opinions are stated in a way to deliberately mislead buyers. Answer choice E does just that.
exactly. and just to further ur point, healy's could have stated that the vase was dated in the mid-18th century because of an error by the art museum's authenticator/expert. the answer choice that we were looking for, (E), needed to clear up that healy misrepresented the vase in a deliberate attempt to mislead bidders. in the first example i mentioned, although healy's would have still misled the bidders and misrepresented the vase's information, it would have been due to an error on the part of the authenticator/expert and not deliberately.
Almost picked A until I read E. A is a trickster. It is stating a fact that could make Healey seem like he is trying to deliberately mislead the buyers. But we have to make that assumption that he is using A as evidence for why he might be. Obviously, E includes a similar fact as A and includes the "why" behind his actions (which is what A was missing).
I like to use the trick "so what?". Anytime I am confused, I read the answer choice and ask myself "So what". If I can't explain why or if I find myself assuming a lot of information from a simple fact/rule, then it's not the answer.
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49 comments
I got it right the first time but during my BR I second guessed myself and choose a different answer. What could I do to be more confident on my answers?
Under 10 seconds and got it right.
#Feedback - In the Answer Choice E explanation, ladder should be spelled like latter
Chose E for BR, A for actual (fml). Assumed that A implies that it was done for that reason. Ugh. Implicit assumptions.
went through abcd thinking I was tweaking
Withe PSAa questions, correct answer will use info from Application and apply the Principle/Rule correctly.
Got this one wrong because I had A chosen and didn't read the last part of E thats unforunate
I am starting to feel like I'm successfully retraining my intuition on LR problems. I got the problem correct in under a minute!
I don't understand what the question stem is asking exactly
wait i didnt either. i got the question right but i am so confused on what it is exactly we are answering,
I watched the video and asked chat gpt and it rephrased the question stem like this:
"Here’s a rule, and here’s someone being accused of violating it. Which answer shows that the rule really does apply in this situation?"
So we're just looking for a fact that confirms the key condition in the principle. E was right because it directly supports the idea that this was a deliberate attempt to mislead which activates the principle and justifies calling it misrepresentation.
thank you so muchhh good luck to you!
I was able to narrow it down between A and E and chose E because of the rule being if a description is a deliberate attempt to mislead.... I chose E over A solely because he is literally attempting to mislead bidders by describing a vase as something else to increase the bidding/value.
I was stuck between A and E and chose A ahhh we're learning here
I was hunting for "bidders' thankfully I found 'auction' at least
So its not necessarily that A is not correct, its more so the fact that E is a much stronger answer choice?
I don't think A is a strong choice because it doesn't establish the fact that the misrepresentation was deliberate. Even if it's true that the vases from that time period would sell for much more, it doesn't mean that they meant to misrepresent it. The auction house could have honestly believed, in their opinion, that it was from that time. There's no way to know for sure based on A, but E gives us exactly the condition that triggers the conclusion.
Crap I got my answer right and changed it to B in BR ugh!
Side note: remember it’s not about getting an answer correct it’s about understanding the reasoning behind the answer choice!
Happy studying everyone☺️
Didn't pick E because it had mentioned the consulting part, it just didn't feel important to the application... Tricked me -_-
Rule: Description is deliberately misleading → Guilty
E establishes that Healy intentionally provided a misleading description to increase profit, so they're guilty
What does the auction house maintaining its posture of willful ignorance have to do with the rule? ( In answer E)
From my understanding, it is not simply about being willfully ignorant, but the real relevant piece of information that E provides is that the description was intentional, "merely in order to increase its auction price". The fact we were missing to make sure the application made sense for this case was "if such a description was a deliberate attempt to mislead bidders". And you can reasonably assume that if the auction house made no effort to make sure their claim was correct, and still included in the description "merely in order to increase its auction price", it has indeed been a deliberate choice in order to mislead the bidders. I hope this makes sense :)
Still confused about why A is wrong #help
Now I see why A is not the right answer. Thank you so much!! also love the username #relatable lol
The reason I did not pick A was because it does not tell us why Healy misrepresented the information. Yeah the art work from that century would sell for more but is that the reason Healy did it? What if Healy actually thought it was from mid eighteen time? A doesn't tell us if Healy deliberated misrepresented the information or not and if we are not sure if it was deliberate then it does not justify the principle application.
(A) is leaning in the right direction for me and it was my original choice as I read through the choices, however it does not imply Healy had anything to do with it. That is nice to know that it is more expensive but it does not say any more than that. It is you who makes the assumption that Healy knew that, and that Healy intentionally listed it for more money. Answer E states those assumptions so they are no longer just in my head, it is actually on paper and a known fact. Answer E says that he intentionally listed it and did so to increase the price.
From my viewpoint, this subset is much easier than the previous ones.
Agreed. It's giving me some hope lol
I crossed out E because I saw the first part "without consulting anyone with expertise in authenticating vases" as outside info that the rule is silent on since the rule doesn't say anything about that. I'm confused how to know when rules are silent on certain facts
From my understanding answer choice E helps us conclude the application because without E all we know is that Healy's labeled the vase is from the 18th century which Healy’s could have stated that because of an error by the art museum’s authenticator or some other reason. Answer choice E needed to specifically state that Healy misrepresented the vase in a deliberate attempt to mislead bidders. The part about "without consulting..." is not really the main takeaway from the answer. in comparison with the other answers E is the most accurate in explaining the "deliberately misleading bidders" which was what was missing in the application of the principle.
Don't see how E adds anything new. That conclusion was already found in the Principle applied to the Application, so E is not needed...
Not quite, in the application, we do not know if Healy's said that the vase was from the 18th century in order to deliberately mislead buyers, or if it was for some other reason. We need to find an answer choice that confirms that Healy's actually did misrepresent the vase to deliberately mislead buyers, and not just for some other reason, as the principle says one is guilty of misrepresentation if the opinions are stated in a way to deliberately mislead buyers. Answer choice E does just that.
exactly. and just to further ur point, healy's could have stated that the vase was dated in the mid-18th century because of an error by the art museum's authenticator/expert. the answer choice that we were looking for, (E), needed to clear up that healy misrepresented the vase in a deliberate attempt to mislead bidders. in the first example i mentioned, although healy's would have still misled the bidders and misrepresented the vase's information, it would have been due to an error on the part of the authenticator/expert and not deliberately.
i forgot to scroll to read E so it took me longer to understand why there was no right answer lol
Almost picked A until I read E. A is a trickster. It is stating a fact that could make Healey seem like he is trying to deliberately mislead the buyers. But we have to make that assumption that he is using A as evidence for why he might be. Obviously, E includes a similar fact as A and includes the "why" behind his actions (which is what A was missing).
I like to use the trick "so what?". Anytime I am confused, I read the answer choice and ask myself "So what". If I can't explain why or if I find myself assuming a lot of information from a simple fact/rule, then it's not the answer.
feel like this is easier than the find the rule since i can kinda assume the answer choice more
let me cook - this one went crazy :)
1000% aura