#Edit 3rd paragraph, 2nd sentence. That is, HOW we know we have

@Leah2003 "Proceeds by" is a method of reasoning question

@Makenna22 I believe with the “if true” it adds to the scope. Although D begins with saying success or not a new campaign would harm the companies position overall by forcing reduction in other running campaigns.

Got me. “Assumption” threw me off. Although stimulus says “since some biologist agree” which yes, makes it an assumption of the biologist.

I just thought of this.

i chose C reluctantly because some I knew some could get through still to be licensed which still allowed Greg point to move forward.

D is a conditional that encompasses all. “The only” indicates sufficiency and when read that way it’s : if you are a handwriting analyst who claims handwriting provides reliable evidence of a persons character, then you are irresponsible” 🤯 fun times

In the stimulus I saw “doesn’t ordinarily change” then the other said “remains unchanged” and instantly knew oh that’s the flaw.

Happy to be of many that thought... what is even happening. i eventually got the conclusion but still didnt understand lol

@GDatria715 Understandable. I think when i read "emotional impacts is irrelevant to determination" it was so strong and im like no they care its just wildly different from person to person and it pushed me from D.

@torijallen wouldn’t say it doesn’t matter because it can matter. It’s just in this instance it was the best answer the others only strengthened. Also the beginning of D specified office workers who get frequent headaches so other workers I’d believe would reference those who did not get headaches.

@carinagrisbrook the stimulus already tell us that there aren’t any students enrolled. It’s just repeating that information so it’s not guaranteeing the conclusion

@DeeTee “Gretchen stop trying to make fetch happen, it’s not going to happen” 💚

@C what is the first sentence supporting? Also the however gives other direction/concession vibes

I didn’t read D completely. Native grass would be growing” would’ve stuck out immediately. Le sigh

@GDatria715 the writing idiosyncratic writing would be solved with Vanessa’s rule. And because neither are the most productive it doesn’t violate Jo’s rule either.

@petvma my belief is because there introduced a necessary condition and the such in a way goes back to a conditional if. So it’s like A happened then b. If b does occur it causes c then we get d. But we don’t necessary know if it’ll happen its a hypo till the trigger happens

@StephanieMcFann 💚 glad that was helpful

@JacobHelton in my mind: strengthening isnt about proving just making it more believable or eliminating alternatives. The argument was about food intake with high iron and reducing the intake making it less likely to develop Parkinson’s. If we equal out someone with the genetic predisposition with someone one without the predisposition, it then makes it more likely that high iron is the cause than genetics and that’s just a pinch of strengthening .

If(sufficient/guaranteed) -> then(necessary/not guaranteed)

If contrapositive is be valid, must be negated and flipped.

Valid:

If X -> Y = if NOT Y-> NOT X .

Invalid:

X -> Y = Y -> X = invalid(confusing necessary for sufficient)

X -> Y = NOT X -> Y = invalid(confusing sufficient for necessary)

• Unless = if not

  A. Method 1(treat as if not)

Make the clause with unless if not (necessary), leave sufficient as is.

Original: You’re not allowed to play games unless you finish you homework

Not allowed to play game -> if not finish HW

B. Method 2 (switch truth of sufficient, unless becomes necessary indicator )

Original: You’re not allowed to play games unless you finish you homework

Allowed to play games -> must finish homework

• No/none

negate, Make subject with no/none (sufficient), other half necessary.

Original: Not penguins live in Australia.

If penguin, then not live in Australia.