Time
(Time)
Time
(Time)
Analogy between the past, the present, or the future. Arguments that assume past circumstances (e.g. I have always lost the baking contest) support inferences about circumstances in the present or future (e.g. I will lose tomorrow's baking contest).
Avg. 0.05 per section
Analogy (LR)
13%
40%
20%
20%
Avg. difficulty: 2.7
Key tactics
- The Time tag is a subset of the Analogy tag. Arguments will often assume the past is analogous to the present or future, when in reality there may be relevant differences between the two periods.
- When you see a word indicating time (e.g. "recently"), there is a high chance it will be tied to the rightness or wrongness of at least one answer choice. Learn to recognize them across all question types and across both LR and RC.
- Not all analogies between different time periods are improper - different periods of time are always similar in some ways and distinct in others. What matters is if there are RELEVANT differences that affect the author's specific conclusion.
Answer choice tips
- Example answer choices that point to this flaw:
- fails to consider that a belief can be consistent with the available evidence and accepted scientific theories at one time but not with the accepted evidence and theories of a later time.
- ignores the possibility that new reasons for restricting growth have arisen in the past five years.
- presumes, without providing justification, that occurrences that have coincided in the past must continue to coincide.
- presents an appeal to tradition as the only reason for rejecting the proposal.
Argument part
Evaluate
Fill in the blank
Flaw or descriptive weakening
Inference
Main conclusion or main point
Method of reasoning or descriptive
Most strongly supported
Must be false
Must be true
Necessary assumption
Parallel flawed method of reasoning
Parallel method of reasoning
Point at issue: agree
Point at issue: disagree
Principle
PSA - find or complete the application
PSA - find the rule
Resolve reconcile or explain
Strengthen
Sufficient assumption
Weaken
Analogy (RC)
Application
Author’s attitude
Author’s perspective
Describe approach
Describe organization
Describe relationship
Implied
Logical continuation
Main point
Meaning in context (of word, phrase, or idea)
Other’s perspective
Principle or generalization
Purpose in context (of word, phrase, or idea)
Purpose of paragraph
Purpose of passage
Stated
Structure
WSE (RC)